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Stealth game
A stealth game is a type of video game that tasks the player with using ''stealth'' to avoid or overcome antagonists. Games in the genre typically allow the player to remain undetected by hiding, using disguises, and/or avoiding noise. Some games allow the player to choose between a stealthy approach or directly attacking antagonists, perhaps rewarding the player for greater levels of stealth. The genre has employed espionage, counter-terrorism and rogue themes, with protagonists who have been identified as special forces operatives, spies, thieves, ninjas, and assassins. Some games have also been combined stealth elements with other genres, such as first-person shooters and even platformers.
Some of the early games emphasizing stealth include ''005'' (1981), ''Castle Wolfenstein'' (1981), ''Infiltrator'' (1986), ''Metal Gear'' (1987), and ''Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake'' (1990). The genre became popular in 1998, with the mainstream success of ''Metal Gear Solid'' as well as ''Tenchu: Stealth Assassins'' and ''Thief: The Dark Project''. ''Tenchu'' was the first 3D game in the genre, while ''Metal Gear Solid'', released some months later, transformed the relatively obscure ''Metal Gear'' series into a highly acclaimed, profitable franchise with numerous sequels, while ''Thief'' pioneered 3D stealth games on the PC. These games were followed by other stealth series, such as ''Hitman'' and ''Splinter Cell''. Later games in the genre have allowed the player to choose between, or combine, stealth tactics and direct confrontation.
==Definition==
Unlike most action games, stealth games challenge the player to avoid alerting enemies altogether.〔 The core gameplay elements of the modern stealth game are to avoid combat, minimize noise, and strike enemies from the shadows.〔 Completing objectives without being detected by any enemy, sometimes referred to as "ghosting" is a common approach to stealth games. Avoiding detection may be the only way to successfully complete a game,〔 but there are usually multiple ways to achieve a goal with different pathways or styles of play.〔 Players can hide behind objects or in shadows,〔〔 and can strike or run past an enemy when the enemy is facing the other way.〔 If the player attracts the attention of enemies, they usually must hide and wait until the enemies abandon their search.〔 Thus, planning becomes important,〔〔 as does trial-and-error.〔〔 However, some stealth games put more emphasis on physical combat skill when the player is spotted.〔 Some games offer a choice between killing or merely knocking out an enemy.〔 When ghosting is optional, or even not well-supported by a game, players may still attempt to avoid combat for moral reasons or as a demonstration of skill.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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